Category Archives: Aristotle

Survey of Abduction, Deduction, Induction, Analogy, Inquiry • 4

This is a Survey of blog and wiki posts on three elementary forms of inference, as recognized by a logical tradition extending from Aristotle through Charles S. Peirce.  Particular attention is paid to the way these inferential rudiments combine to … Continue reading

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Survey of Precursors Of Category Theory • 4

A few years ago I began a sketch on the “Precursors of Category Theory”, tracing the continuities of the category concept from Aristotle, to Kant and Peirce, through Hilbert and Ackermann, to contemporary mathematical practice.  A Survey of resources on … Continue reading

Posted in Abstraction, Ackermann, Analogy, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Carnap, Category Theory, Diagrams, Foundations of Mathematics, Functional Logic, Hilbert, History of Mathematics, Hypostatic Abstraction, Kant, Logic, Mathematics, Peirce, Propositions As Types Analogy, Relation Theory, Saunders Mac Lane, Semiotics, Type Theory, Universals | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 21

Inquiry and Analogy • Generalized Umpire Operators To get a better handle on the space of higher order propositions and continue developing our functional approach to quantification theory, we’ll need a number of specialized tools.  To begin, we define a … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 20

Inquiry and Analogy • Application of Higher Order Propositions to Quantification Theory Table 21 provides a thumbnail sketch of the relationships discussed in this section. Resources Logic Syllabus Boolean Function Boolean-Valued Function Logical Conjunction Minimal Negation Operator Introduction to Inquiry … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 19

Inquiry and Analogy • Application of Higher Order Propositions to Quantification Theory Reflection is turning a topic over in various aspects and in various lights so that nothing significant about it shall be overlooked — almost as one might turn … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 18

Inquiry and Analogy • Application of Higher Order Propositions to Quantification Theory Last time we took up a fourfold scheme of quantified propositional forms traditionally known as a “Square of Opposition”, relating it to a quartet of higher order propositions … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 17

Inquiry and Analogy • Application of Higher Order Propositions to Quantification Theory Our excursion into the expanding landscape of higher order propositions has come round to the point where we can begin to open up new perspectives on quantificational logic. … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 16

Inquiry and Analogy • Extending the Existential Interpretation to Quantificational Logic One of the resources we have for this work is a formal calculus based on C.S. Peirce’s logical graphs.  For now we’ll adopt the existential interpretation of that calculus, fixing … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 15

Inquiry and Analogy • Measure for Measure Let us define two families of measures, by means of the following equations: Table 14 shows the value of each on each of the 16 boolean functions   In terms of the implication … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 14

Inquiry and Analogy • Umpire Operators The measures of type present a formidable array of propositions about propositions about 2‑dimensional universes of discourse.  The early entries in their standard ordering define universes too amorphous to detain us for long on … Continue reading

Posted in Abduction, Analogy, Argument, Aristotle, C.S. Peirce, Constraint, Deduction, Determination, Diagrammatic Reasoning, Diagrams, Differential Logic, Functional Logic, Hypothesis, Indication, Induction, Inference, Information, Inquiry, Logic, Logic of Science, Mathematics, Pragmatic Semiotic Information, Probable Reasoning, Propositional Calculus, Propositions, Reasoning, Retroduction, Semiotics, Sign Relations, Syllogism, Triadic Relations, Visualization | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments