Inquiry and Analogy • Umpire Operators

The measures of type present a formidable array of propositions about propositions about 2‑dimensional universes of discourse.  The early entries in their standard ordering define universes too amorphous to detain us for long on a first pass but as we turn toward the high end of the ordering we begin to recognize familiar structures worth examining from new angles.

Instrumental to our study we define a couple of higher order operators,

referred to as the relative and absolute umpire operators, respectively.  If either operator is defined in terms of more primitive notions then the remaining operator can be defined in terms of the one first established.

Let be a two‑dimensional boolean space, generated by two boolean variables or logical features and

Given an ordered pair of propositions as arguments, the relative umpire operator reports the value if the first implies the second, otherwise it reports the value

Expressing it another way:

In writing this, however, it is important to observe that the appearing on the left side and the appearing on the right side of the logical equivalence have different meanings.  Filling in the details, we have the following.

Writing types as subscripts and using the fact that it is possible to express this more succinctly as follows.

Finally, it is often convenient to write the first argument as a subscript.  Thus we have the following equation.

The absolute umpire operator, also known as the umpire measure, is a higher order proposition defined by the equation   In this case the subscript on the left and the argument on the right both refer to the constant proposition   In most settings where is applied to arguments it is safe to omit the subscript since the number of arguments indicates which type of operator is meant.  Thus, we have the following identities and equivalents.

The umpire measure is defined on boolean functions regarded as mathematical objects but can also be understood in terms of the judgments it induces on the syntactic level.  In that interpretation recognizes theorems of the propositional calculus over giving a score of to tautologies and a score of to everything else, counting all contingent statements as no better than falsehoods.

One remark in passing for those who might prefer an alternative definition.  If we had originally taken to mean the absolute measure then the relative measure could have been defined as

Resources

• Logic Syllabus
• Boolean Function
• Boolean-Valued Function
• Logical Conjunction
• Minimal Negation Operator
• Introduction to Inquiry Driven Systems
• Functional Logic • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3
• Cactus Language • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3 • References • Document History

cc: FB | Peirce Matters • Laws of Form • Mathstodon • Ontolog • Academia.edu
cc: Conceptual Graphs • Cybernetics • Structural Modeling • Systems Science