Abstract Point of View

The bird’s eye view in question is more formally known as the perspective of formal equivalence, from which remove one overlooks many distinctions which appear momentous in more concrete settings.  Expressions inscribed in different formalisms whose syntactic structures are algebraically or topologically isomorphic are not recognized as being different from each other in any significant sense.  An eye to historical detail will note in passing that C.S. Peirce used a streamer‑cross symbol where Spencer Brown used a carpenter’s square marker to roughly the same formal purpose, to give just one example, but the main theme of interest at the level of pure form is indifferent to variations of that order.

In Lieu of a Beginning

We may start by contemplating the following two formal equations.

	(1)
	(2)

Resources

• Logical Graphs
• Survey of Animated Logical Graphs

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